![]() At a storage temperature of 20 0 C, the storage life can be increased for a period of 21-25 days by removing ethylene and adding 5-10% CO 2 to storage atmosphere. The fruits are highly perishable and can be stored under an ordinary condition for a period of 7-8 days after harvesting. The fruits are graded into three categories depending on their size viz. Grading is mainly based on the size and shape of the fruits. Thereafter, the yield stabilizes at 8.0 tonnes/acre from 8 th to 15 th year. In high-density plantation, the production increases from 4.0 tonnes/acre in the fifth year to 6.0 tonnes/acre in the 7 th year. As such intercropping like vegetables may be taken up in the first four years of the project make it viable. The crop bearing commences from the fifth year. The fruits are hand-picked or harvested with special harvester which has a round ring with a net bag fixed onto a long bamboo. Sapota takes four months from flowering to maturity of fruits. The two main seasons of flowering are October- November, and February-March and the two corresponding harvesting seasons are January-February and May-June. Sapota starts bearing from the third year of planting but economic yields can be obtained from 5 th year onwards. You may be interested in reading the Sapota Grafting Methods. Application of Dithane M-45, copper oxychloride (3 g./l.), etc. The main diseases reported are leaf spot ( Phleopheospora indica ), base rot ( Ceratocystis paradoxa), heart rot ( Phytophthora parasitica ) and anthracnose ( Colletotrichum gloeosporioides). Spraying with phosalone 35 EC (2 ml./l.), chloropyriphos 20 EC or endosulfan 35 EC have been found to be effective in controlling the pests. Most common pests in Sapota Farming are Leaf Webber, hairy caterpillars and budworm. Pruning is important as the flowers and fruits are borne on those branches, which receive maximum air sunlight. Pruning is normally done during winter to give shape and reduce the overcrowding of branches. In young plantations pre-emergence application of Bromacil 2kg a.i./ha or Diuron 2kg a.i./ha has been found effective in controlling the weed population for 10-12 months. Weeds should be regularly removed from the basin. How to control weeds in Sapota plantation: The new sprouts emerging on the rootstock below the graft joint should also be removed immediately. ![]() The polythene strip used for securing the graft joint should be removed a month after planting so as to reduce mortality of the graft. The young graft is protected from heat by erecting temporary shade covered with grass or plastic sheets. The grafts are staked immediately after planting to protect from strong winds. The grafts are planted in the hole in such a way that the graft union remains just above the soil surface. Sapota planting method:Īt the time of planting in the hole, just sufficient to accommodate the root ball of the grafted plant should be dug in the center of the pit. Lindane powder is added to control termites. Each pit is filled with topsoil first followed by subsoil mixed with well-decomposed farmyard manure (FYM), 1kg Superphosphate and 500g Sulphate of potash. While opening the pits, the topsoil and subsoil are to be heaped separately. Pits of 90cm3 are opened during the summer and exposed to the sun for a period of 2-3 weeks. ![]() However, shallow clay soils underlaid with hardpan or high calcium contents does not support sapota farming. Sapota fruit can be grown in a variety of soils but deep alluvium, sandy loam, and well-drained medium black soils with pH 6.0-8.0 are ideal for sapota farming. Pala, Cricket ball, Guthi, Co 1, Co 2, PKM-1Ĭricket ball, Calcutta round, Baramasi, Baharu, Gandhevi Barada Kalipatti, Dhola Diwani, Cricket ball, Murabba Kalipatti, Pilipatti, Cricket Ball, PKM-1Ĭricket ball, Kalipatti, Calcutta round, DHS-1, DHS-2 Varieties cultivated in different states of India: State in IndiaĬricket ball, Kalipatti, Calcutta round, Kirthibharathi, Dwarapudi, Pala, PKM-1, Jonnavalasa I & II, Bangalore, Vavi Valsa In India, It has become a very popular fruit crop in Gujarat, Maharashtra, Karnataka, Tamilnadu, Andhra Pradesh, and Kerala. Sapota fruit is a native of Mexico and other tropical countries of South America. Sapota commonly known as Chiku fruit is mainly cultivated in India for its fruit value, while in South-East Mexico, Guatemala and other countries it is commercially grown for the production of chickle which is a gum-like substance obtained from latex and is mainly used for the preparation of chewing gum.
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